Eczema

What is eczema?

Eczema is classified as a group of non-contagious conditions that cause your skin to erupt in itchy or painful lesions.

Symptoms of eczema include skin that is:

  • Red
  • Flaky
  • Crusty or scaly
  • Cracked
  • Blistered
  • Oozing
  • Peeling
  • Swollen

Your eczema may also feel itchy or feel like a bad sunburn.

What causes eczema?

Eczema isn’t a single condition, so there could be a variety of causes for your particular case. In addition, some types of eczema are inherited.

In some cases, eczema is caused by an overactive immune system or by environmental factors, such as petting an animal.

What are the different types of eczema?

Dr Matilda Mphahlele will evaluate your lesions and symptoms to determine the type(s) of eczema you have.

Types of eczema include:

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis may be inherited. In addition, you may have other immune system conditions, such as asthma or hay fever.

Contact dermatitis

This type is caused by contact with irritating or allergenic substances. If you identify and stay clear of the irritant, your eczema can usually be resolved.

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is characterised by dry flakes on parts of your body that are usually oily, such as your scalp (dandruff). Seborrheic dermatitis can also occur on your upper back.

Stasis dermatitis

Poor blood circulation causes fluid leakage, excessive pressure, swelling, and other symptoms in your lower legs.

Dyshidrotic eczema

When the edges of your fingers and toes, your palms, and the soles of your feet are covered with tiny, itchy blisters.

Nummular eczema

This rare form of eczema is characterised by round, itchy lesions that look like coins that can be challenging to treat.

You may have more than one type of eczema at the same time.

How do dermatologists treat eczema?

Eczema therapies include:

  • Topical hydrocortisone or corticosteroid to control inflammation
  • Topical creams to control itching
  • Antihistamines to relieve itching
  • Antibiotics to kill bacteria